Encyclopedia of Crystallographic Prototypes

AFLOW Prototype: AB4C6D_mC48_15_e_2f_3f_e

  • M. J. Mehl, D. Hicks, C. Toher, O. Levy, R. M. Hanson, G. L. W. Hart, and S. Curtarolo, The AFLOW Library of Crystallographic Prototypes: Part 1, Comp. Mat. Sci. 136, S1-S828 (2017). (doi=10.1016/j.commatsci.2017.01.017)
  • D. Hicks, M. J. Mehl, E. Gossett, C. Toher, O. Levy, R. M. Hanson, G. L. W. Hart, and S. Curtarolo, The AFLOW Library of Crystallographic Prototypes: Part 2, Comp. Mat. Sci. 161, S1-S1011 (2019). (doi=10.1016/j.commatsci.2018.10.043)
  • D. Hicks, M.J. Mehl, M. Esters, C. Oses, O. Levy, G.L.W. Hart, C. Toher, and S. Curtarolo, The AFLOW Library of Crystallographic Prototypes: Part 3, Comp. Mat. Sci. 199, 110450 (2021). (doi=10.1016/j.commatsci.2021.110450)

Gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O, $H4_{6}$) Structure : AB4C6D_mC48_15_e_2f_3f_e

Picture of Structure; Click for Big Picture
Prototype : CaH4O6S
AFLOW prototype label : AB4C6D_mC48_15_e_2f_3f_e
Strukturbericht designation : $H4_{6}$
Pearson symbol : mC48
Space group number : 15
Space group symbol : $C2/c$
AFLOW prototype command : aflow --proto=AB4C6D_mC48_15_e_2f_3f_e
--params=
$a$,$b/a$,$c/a$,$\beta$,$y_{1}$,$y_{2}$,$x_{3}$,$y_{3}$,$z_{3}$,$x_{4}$,$y_{4}$,$z_{4}$,$x_{5}$,$y_{5}$,$z_{5}$,$x_{6}$,$y_{6}$,$z_{6}$,$x_{7}$,$y_{7}$,$z_{7}$


  • (Onorato, 1929) determined that gypsum was in space group $C2/m$ #12, and (Hermann, 1937) assigned this to Strukturbericht $H4_{6}$. However, (Wooster, 1936) and others determined that the correct space group was $C2/c$ #15, and (Gottfried, 1938) assigned the $H4_{6}$ symbol to this structure. We use the 1\,atmosphere data of (Comodi, 2008), who also determine the positions of the hydrogen atoms.

Base-centered Monoclinic primitive vectors:

\[ \begin{array}{ccc} \mathbf{a}_1 & = & \frac12 \, a \, \mathbf{\hat{x}} - \frac12 \, b \, \mathbf{\hat{y}} \\ \mathbf{a}_2 & = & \frac12 \, a \, \mathbf{\hat{x}} + \frac12 \, b \, \mathbf{\hat{y}} \\ \mathbf{a}_3 & = & c \cos\beta \, \mathbf{\hat{x}} + c \sin\beta \, \mathbf{\hat{z}} \\ \end{array} \]

Basis vectors:

\[ \begin{array}{ccccccc} & & \text{Lattice Coordinates} & & \text{Cartesian Coordinates} &\text{Wyckoff Position} & \text{Atom Type} \\ \mathbf{B}_{1} & = & -y_{1} \, \mathbf{a}_{1} + y_{1} \, \mathbf{a}_{2} + \frac{1}{4} \, \mathbf{a}_{3} & = & \frac{1}{4}c\cos\beta \, \mathbf{\hat{x}} + y_{1}b \, \mathbf{\hat{y}} + \frac{1}{4}c\sin\beta \, \mathbf{\hat{z}} & \left(4e\right) & \text{Ca} \\ \mathbf{B}_{2} & = & y_{1} \, \mathbf{a}_{1}-y_{1} \, \mathbf{a}_{2} + \frac{3}{4} \, \mathbf{a}_{3} & = & \frac{3}{4}c\cos\beta \, \mathbf{\hat{x}}-y_{1}b \, \mathbf{\hat{y}} + \frac{3}{4}c\sin\beta \, \mathbf{\hat{z}} & \left(4e\right) & \text{Ca} \\ \mathbf{B}_{3} & = & -y_{2} \, \mathbf{a}_{1} + y_{2} \, \mathbf{a}_{2} + \frac{1}{4} \, \mathbf{a}_{3} & = & \frac{1}{4}c\cos\beta \, \mathbf{\hat{x}} + y_{2}b \, \mathbf{\hat{y}} + \frac{1}{4}c\sin\beta \, \mathbf{\hat{z}} & \left(4e\right) & \text{S} \\ \mathbf{B}_{4} & = & y_{2} \, \mathbf{a}_{1}-y_{2} \, \mathbf{a}_{2} + \frac{3}{4} \, \mathbf{a}_{3} & = & \frac{3}{4}c\cos\beta \, \mathbf{\hat{x}}-y_{2}b \, \mathbf{\hat{y}} + \frac{3}{4}c\sin\beta \, \mathbf{\hat{z}} & \left(4e\right) & \text{S} \\ \mathbf{B}_{5} & = & \left(x_{3}-y_{3}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{1} + \left(x_{3}+y_{3}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{2} + z_{3} \, \mathbf{a}_{3} & = & \left(x_{3}a+z_{3}c\cos\beta\right) \, \mathbf{\hat{x}} + y_{3}b \, \mathbf{\hat{y}} + z_{3}c\sin\beta \, \mathbf{\hat{z}} & \left(8f\right) & \text{H I} \\ \mathbf{B}_{6} & = & \left(-x_{3}-y_{3}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{1} + \left(-x_{3}+y_{3}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{2} + \left(\frac{1}{2} - z_{3}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{3} & = & \left(\frac{1}{2}c\cos\beta - x_{3}a - z_{3}c\cos\beta\right) \, \mathbf{\hat{x}} + y_{3}b \, \mathbf{\hat{y}} + \left(\frac{1}{2}-z_{3}\right)c\sin\beta \, \mathbf{\hat{z}} & \left(8f\right) & \text{H I} \\ \mathbf{B}_{7} & = & \left(-x_{3}+y_{3}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{1} + \left(-x_{3}-y_{3}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{2}-z_{3} \, \mathbf{a}_{3} & = & \left(-x_{3}a-z_{3}c\cos\beta\right) \, \mathbf{\hat{x}}-y_{3}b \, \mathbf{\hat{y}}-z_{3}c\sin\beta \, \mathbf{\hat{z}} & \left(8f\right) & \text{H I} \\ \mathbf{B}_{8} & = & \left(x_{3}+y_{3}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{1} + \left(x_{3}-y_{3}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{2} + \left(\frac{1}{2} +z_{3}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{3} & = & \left(\frac{1}{2}c\cos\beta +x_{3}a + z_{3}c\cos\beta\right) \, \mathbf{\hat{x}}-y_{3}b \, \mathbf{\hat{y}} + \left(\frac{1}{2} +z_{3}\right)c\sin\beta \, \mathbf{\hat{z}} & \left(8f\right) & \text{H I} \\ \mathbf{B}_{9} & = & \left(x_{4}-y_{4}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{1} + \left(x_{4}+y_{4}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{2} + z_{4} \, \mathbf{a}_{3} & = & \left(x_{4}a+z_{4}c\cos\beta\right) \, \mathbf{\hat{x}} + y_{4}b \, \mathbf{\hat{y}} + z_{4}c\sin\beta \, \mathbf{\hat{z}} & \left(8f\right) & \text{H II} \\ \mathbf{B}_{10} & = & \left(-x_{4}-y_{4}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{1} + \left(-x_{4}+y_{4}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{2} + \left(\frac{1}{2} - z_{4}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{3} & = & \left(\frac{1}{2}c\cos\beta - x_{4}a - z_{4}c\cos\beta\right) \, \mathbf{\hat{x}} + y_{4}b \, \mathbf{\hat{y}} + \left(\frac{1}{2}-z_{4}\right)c\sin\beta \, \mathbf{\hat{z}} & \left(8f\right) & \text{H II} \\ \mathbf{B}_{11} & = & \left(-x_{4}+y_{4}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{1} + \left(-x_{4}-y_{4}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{2}-z_{4} \, \mathbf{a}_{3} & = & \left(-x_{4}a-z_{4}c\cos\beta\right) \, \mathbf{\hat{x}}-y_{4}b \, \mathbf{\hat{y}}-z_{4}c\sin\beta \, \mathbf{\hat{z}} & \left(8f\right) & \text{H II} \\ \mathbf{B}_{12} & = & \left(x_{4}+y_{4}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{1} + \left(x_{4}-y_{4}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{2} + \left(\frac{1}{2} +z_{4}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{3} & = & \left(\frac{1}{2}c\cos\beta +x_{4}a + z_{4}c\cos\beta\right) \, \mathbf{\hat{x}}-y_{4}b \, \mathbf{\hat{y}} + \left(\frac{1}{2} +z_{4}\right)c\sin\beta \, \mathbf{\hat{z}} & \left(8f\right) & \text{H II} \\ \mathbf{B}_{13} & = & \left(x_{5}-y_{5}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{1} + \left(x_{5}+y_{5}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{2} + z_{5} \, \mathbf{a}_{3} & = & \left(x_{5}a+z_{5}c\cos\beta\right) \, \mathbf{\hat{x}} + y_{5}b \, \mathbf{\hat{y}} + z_{5}c\sin\beta \, \mathbf{\hat{z}} & \left(8f\right) & \text{O I} \\ \mathbf{B}_{14} & = & \left(-x_{5}-y_{5}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{1} + \left(-x_{5}+y_{5}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{2} + \left(\frac{1}{2} - z_{5}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{3} & = & \left(\frac{1}{2}c\cos\beta - x_{5}a - z_{5}c\cos\beta\right) \, \mathbf{\hat{x}} + y_{5}b \, \mathbf{\hat{y}} + \left(\frac{1}{2}-z_{5}\right)c\sin\beta \, \mathbf{\hat{z}} & \left(8f\right) & \text{O I} \\ \mathbf{B}_{15} & = & \left(-x_{5}+y_{5}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{1} + \left(-x_{5}-y_{5}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{2}-z_{5} \, \mathbf{a}_{3} & = & \left(-x_{5}a-z_{5}c\cos\beta\right) \, \mathbf{\hat{x}}-y_{5}b \, \mathbf{\hat{y}}-z_{5}c\sin\beta \, \mathbf{\hat{z}} & \left(8f\right) & \text{O I} \\ \mathbf{B}_{16} & = & \left(x_{5}+y_{5}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{1} + \left(x_{5}-y_{5}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{2} + \left(\frac{1}{2} +z_{5}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{3} & = & \left(\frac{1}{2}c\cos\beta +x_{5}a + z_{5}c\cos\beta\right) \, \mathbf{\hat{x}}-y_{5}b \, \mathbf{\hat{y}} + \left(\frac{1}{2} +z_{5}\right)c\sin\beta \, \mathbf{\hat{z}} & \left(8f\right) & \text{O I} \\ \mathbf{B}_{17} & = & \left(x_{6}-y_{6}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{1} + \left(x_{6}+y_{6}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{2} + z_{6} \, \mathbf{a}_{3} & = & \left(x_{6}a+z_{6}c\cos\beta\right) \, \mathbf{\hat{x}} + y_{6}b \, \mathbf{\hat{y}} + z_{6}c\sin\beta \, \mathbf{\hat{z}} & \left(8f\right) & \text{O II} \\ \mathbf{B}_{18} & = & \left(-x_{6}-y_{6}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{1} + \left(-x_{6}+y_{6}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{2} + \left(\frac{1}{2} - z_{6}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{3} & = & \left(\frac{1}{2}c\cos\beta - x_{6}a - z_{6}c\cos\beta\right) \, \mathbf{\hat{x}} + y_{6}b \, \mathbf{\hat{y}} + \left(\frac{1}{2}-z_{6}\right)c\sin\beta \, \mathbf{\hat{z}} & \left(8f\right) & \text{O II} \\ \mathbf{B}_{19} & = & \left(-x_{6}+y_{6}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{1} + \left(-x_{6}-y_{6}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{2}-z_{6} \, \mathbf{a}_{3} & = & \left(-x_{6}a-z_{6}c\cos\beta\right) \, \mathbf{\hat{x}}-y_{6}b \, \mathbf{\hat{y}}-z_{6}c\sin\beta \, \mathbf{\hat{z}} & \left(8f\right) & \text{O II} \\ \mathbf{B}_{20} & = & \left(x_{6}+y_{6}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{1} + \left(x_{6}-y_{6}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{2} + \left(\frac{1}{2} +z_{6}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{3} & = & \left(\frac{1}{2}c\cos\beta +x_{6}a + z_{6}c\cos\beta\right) \, \mathbf{\hat{x}}-y_{6}b \, \mathbf{\hat{y}} + \left(\frac{1}{2} +z_{6}\right)c\sin\beta \, \mathbf{\hat{z}} & \left(8f\right) & \text{O II} \\ \mathbf{B}_{21} & = & \left(x_{7}-y_{7}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{1} + \left(x_{7}+y_{7}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{2} + z_{7} \, \mathbf{a}_{3} & = & \left(x_{7}a+z_{7}c\cos\beta\right) \, \mathbf{\hat{x}} + y_{7}b \, \mathbf{\hat{y}} + z_{7}c\sin\beta \, \mathbf{\hat{z}} & \left(8f\right) & \text{O III} \\ \mathbf{B}_{22} & = & \left(-x_{7}-y_{7}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{1} + \left(-x_{7}+y_{7}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{2} + \left(\frac{1}{2} - z_{7}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{3} & = & \left(\frac{1}{2}c\cos\beta - x_{7}a - z_{7}c\cos\beta\right) \, \mathbf{\hat{x}} + y_{7}b \, \mathbf{\hat{y}} + \left(\frac{1}{2}-z_{7}\right)c\sin\beta \, \mathbf{\hat{z}} & \left(8f\right) & \text{O III} \\ \mathbf{B}_{23} & = & \left(-x_{7}+y_{7}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{1} + \left(-x_{7}-y_{7}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{2}-z_{7} \, \mathbf{a}_{3} & = & \left(-x_{7}a-z_{7}c\cos\beta\right) \, \mathbf{\hat{x}}-y_{7}b \, \mathbf{\hat{y}}-z_{7}c\sin\beta \, \mathbf{\hat{z}} & \left(8f\right) & \text{O III} \\ \mathbf{B}_{24} & = & \left(x_{7}+y_{7}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{1} + \left(x_{7}-y_{7}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{2} + \left(\frac{1}{2} +z_{7}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{3} & = & \left(\frac{1}{2}c\cos\beta +x_{7}a + z_{7}c\cos\beta\right) \, \mathbf{\hat{x}}-y_{7}b \, \mathbf{\hat{y}} + \left(\frac{1}{2} +z_{7}\right)c\sin\beta \, \mathbf{\hat{z}} & \left(8f\right) & \text{O III} \\ \end{array} \]

References

  • P. Comodi, S. Nazzareni, P. F. Zanazzi, and S. Speziale, High–pressure behavior of gypsum: A single–crystal X–ray study, Am. Mineral. 93, 1530–1537 (2008), doi:10.2138/am.2008.2917.
  • E. Onorato, Über den Feinbau des Gipses, Zeitschrift für Kristallographie – Crystalline Materials 71, 277–325 (1929), doi:10.1524/zkri.1929.71.1.277.
  • C. Hermann, O. Lohrmann, and H. Philipp, eds., Strukturbericht Band II 1928–1932 (Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft M. B. H., Leipzig, 1937).
  • W. A. Wooster, On the Crystal Structure of Gypsum, CaSO4·2H2O, Zeitschrift für Kristallographie – Crystalline Materials 94, 375–396 (1936), doi:10.1524/zkri.1936.94.1.375.
  • C. Gottfried, ed., Strukturbericht Band IV 1936 (Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft M. B. H., Leipzig, 1938).

Found in

  • R. T. Downs and M. Hall–Wallace, The American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database, Am. Mineral. 88, 247–250 (2003).

Geometry files


Prototype Generator

aflow --proto=AB4C6D_mC48_15_e_2f_3f_e --params=

Species:

Running:

Output: